M4E #53: Quiz Answers and what is a composite?
So, first of all, as promised, here are the answers to last week quiz:
A poka yoke is a technique or concept used in process improvement and quality management to prevent or minimize human errors and defects in manufacturing. At Gradiant, we consider that the use of TDD (Test Driven Development) can be seen as a poka yoke for software development in order to avoid or minimize errors.
4.Enterprise resource planning level = None
3.Plant management level = MES
2.Process control level = Raspberry (SCADA), DCS
1.Control level = PLCs
0.Field level = sensor de 4-20 mA
5 million people in Europe. The limit is 0.05 mg/m³ in Spain and 0.1 mg/m³ in Europe.
The root cause was the use of lights that attracted bugs. The methodology that we can use is the 5 Whys.
90 seconds with batch manufacturing and 18 seconds with one-piece flow manufacturing.
Now into this week M4E issue, a short one today! Industry 4.0 is not only based on the use of novel ICT enabling technologies, but also on devising new materials. Check next what is a composite in this Arkema Group video!
Time for Insights
Composites are commonly used in aerospace, automotive, construction, sports equipment, electronics, and many other fields. Examples of composite materials include carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRP), fiberglass-reinforced plastics (FRP), and concrete reinforced with steel rebars. The composite materials industry has experienced significant growth in recent decades. Advances in manufacturing techniques, increased understanding of material properties, and a demand for lightweight, high-performance materials have driven the adoption of composites across various sectors worldwide.
Even if composite may seem like an innovative idea to the public, they have been used since ancient times in Mesopotamia! For example, they glued wood strips at different angles to create plywood. Also, mud bricks were created, which consist of a mixture of clay and straw, combining the strength of clay with the reinforcement of straw.
Composites can be engineered with specific properties in mind. By adjusting the type, orientation, and volume of reinforcement materials, as well as the choice of matrix material, engineers can tailor composites to meet precise requirements, such as high tensile strength, improved impact resistance, or thermal stability.